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高中常考英语短语解析(C1)
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call a meeting召开会议：
When are you going to call a meeting? 你们准备什么时候召开会议？
call about来打听••••••；打电话询问•••••••：
He called about when we were going to Beijing. 他打电话询问我们什么时候去北京。
call after追在••••••的后面叫喊；以••••••命名：
I found Tom and Mary calling after us and we stopped. 我发现汤姆和玛丽追在我们后面叫喊，我们就停了下来。
He was called Dick after his grandfather. 他是以祖父的名字狄克来命名的。
call at访问（某处）；（车，船等）停靠（某地）：
I’ll call at your office early tomorrow morning. 明天一大早我到办公室看你。
This ship will call at Qingdao on its way to Shanghai. 这艘船在开往上海途中将在青岛停靠。
用法导航：
call at和call on都有“拜访、访问”的意思，call at一般指“拜访，访问某处”，后接表示地点的词；call on指“拜访某人”，后接表示人的词。例如：
I call at Mr. Wang’s house last night. 昨晚我曾到王先生府上去拜访。
I called on Mr. Wang last night. 昨晚我拜访了王先生。
call away把（某人）叫走或叫出去：
The headmaster isn’t in, he was called away early in the morning. 校长不在家，一大早就被人请走了。
用法导航：
call away多用于被动语态，有时根据情况的不同，还可以后接to、on等介词。例如：
The doctor was called away on an urgent case. 医生被请去看急诊了。
call back叫回来；取消；回电话：
Please call you father back. 请把你爸爸叫回来。
I’ll call you back later. 晚些时候我会给你回电话的。
call by（顺路到••••••）停留，顺便看看：
I’ll call by at 7:00 on my way to school. 我七点钟去上学时要顺便到你那儿去一下。
call down祈求；引起；招惹；责骂；严厉指责：
In the old days, lots of people thought that by believing in the gods, they could call down curses on their enemies. 旧时，许多人认为只要信奉神灵，便可求神降祸于敌人。
If you do that, you’ll be calling the anger of all your classmates down upon yourself. 你那样做，将激起全班同学对你的愤怒。
He called me down for the mistake I shouldn’t have made. 由于我出了不该出的错。他严厉地批评了我。
call for 要求，需要；（到某处）拿取；接（某人赴某处），邀约：
Scientific research calls for endless patience and care. 科学研究必须十分耐心和细致。
Shall we send the goods, or will you call for them? 这些货是给你们送，还是你们来取？
I’ll call for you at 3 o’clock and we can go out for a walk together. 我三点钟来叫你，咱们一块出去散散步。
call forth鼓起（勇气等）使出（劲等）；引起，唤起，招致：
This task will cal forth all their energy. 这样一项任务会把他们的全部精力都激发出来。
April showers call forth May flowers. 四月的阵雨浇出五月的鲜花。
call in （顺道）停留，访问；收回（某事）；请（某人），把（某人）召来：
I may call in some time this Sunday, will you be at home? 我可能这个星期天的某个时候顺道拜访人，你会在家吗？
Mr. Liu is very ill, you should call in a doctor at once. 刘先生病得厉害，你应该上请医生。
call it a day今天就到此为止；收工：
It’s 7 o’clock, so let’s call it a day. 七点了，我们今天就到这里吧。
call off叫走，把•••••叫开；放弃，取消：
The dog was called off when it started to bark at me. 那条狗刚向我叫，就被唤开了。
The football game was called off because of rain. 因为下雨，足球赛取消了。
call on访问，拜访；号召，呼吁；请示，邀请：
Last night I called on Mr. Smith and had a long talk with him. 昨晚我拜访了史密斯先生，并同他谈了很久。
The party calls on us to work hard. 党号召我们努力工作。
China has declared her intention never to be the first to use nuclear weapons and has called on the other nuclear powers to make similar declarations. 中国已宣布决不使用核武器，并向其它拥有核武器的国家呼吁发表同样的声明。
I called on him to keep his promise. 我请示他履行诺言。
用法导航
call on 与call at的区别参见call at. call on可与call upon互换。
call out大声叫，大声说出来；出动，调来，请去；唤起，引起：
When I heard my name called out, I quickly turned my head and saw an old friend of mine. 我听到有人喊我的名字，急忙掉头一看，原来是我的一位朋友。
Doctors are often called out in the middle of the night. 大夫常常在半夜请去出诊。
call round访问，拜访：
I’ll call round at Professor Wang’s tonight. 今晚我要去拜访王教授家。
call sb. by name叫某人的名字，直呼其名：
We are friends and each other by name.
call sb. for short简称某人为：
His parents called Wang Zhiwei Wei for short. 王志伟的父母称他为伟。
call sb. names骂人：
It’s wrong to call a person names. 骂人是不对的。
She was very angry and called him some had names. 她气极了，骂了他几句。
called sb. over the coals申诉某人，责备某人：
The boss called him over the coals being late. 他因迟到被老板训斥了一顿。
call sb’s attention to sth. 引起某人对某事的注意：
The teacher called the pupils’ attention to the mistakes in their exercises. 老师提醒学生们注意练习中的错误。
call sth. in doubt / question对••••••表示怀疑，对•••••异议：
It called din doubt what he had said. 这使人对他所说过的话产生了怀疑。
call sth. into action实行（某事），使（某事）发生作用：
The new plan will be called into action next week. 新计划下周实行。
call sth. into being使（某事）形成，使产生（某事）：
call sth. into play发挥；把••••••调动起来：
As teachers, we must call into full play the creativeness of the students. 作为老师，我们必须把学生的创造性充分调动起来。
call sth. one’s own把某物说成是自己的：
He often calls other’s things his own. 他常常把别人的东西说成是自己的。
call sth. to mind（使）想起：
I can’t call his name to mind. 我想不起他的名字来了。
Your story calls to mind something similar which happened to me. 你讲的情况使我想起我发生的类似的事
call sth. to order让保持（全场）秩序；让（人）肃静：
The Chairman called the meeting to order. 主席让大家保持会场秩序。
The Chairman called us to order and the meeting began. 主席让大家安静，会议就开始了。
call together召集：
The workers were called together to go on strike. 工人们被召集起来举行罢工。
call up给••••••打电话；征召（入伍）；使人想起：
I’ll call you / your office up about 7 o’clock. 我七点钟给你打电话。
When the war broke out, they were at once called up. 战争爆发时，他们立即被征召入伍了。
The film called up happy memories of my childhood. 这部电影使我忆起幸福的童年。
用法导航
表示“打电话”的意思，英语用语很多。call /call up比较口语化，既可用作不及物，也可用做及物动词短语，例如：I’ll call (up) again. I’ll call you up/ call up your office/ call up your number. telephone或phone较为正式。
calm down平静下来，镇静下来：
The wild wind calmed down by and by. 狂风不久便一平静下来了。
The excited girl quickly calmed down. 那个激动的女孩子很快镇静下来了。
camp it up敌揉造作，忸怩作态：
We don’t like him because he always camps it up. 他总是敌揉造作所以我们不喜欢他。
camp out野营，搭帐篷露宿：
They camped out near the river for a week. 他们在河畔野营一周。
can but只得：
As the last bus was gone, I could but walk home. 末班车已开走，我只好步行回家。
用法导航
只有can but和could out两种形式，后只能接动词原形。
can / could do with需要，想要，希望得到；满足于，将就：
I’m rather thirsty and could do with a cup of tea. 我渴死了，想喝杯茶。
Can you do with biscuits for breakfast? 你们将就吃些饼干当早饭，好吗？
用法导航
can do with和could do with不是时态的差别，而是语气的不同。
can not (help) but不得不，不能不；不会不，必然：
He can not (help) but admit that he was wrong. 他只好承认自己错了。
One’s world outlook cannot(help) but appear in what one says and does. 一个人的世界观必然在他的广告中表现出来。
用法导航
cannot but和cannot help but, 以及can but意思基本相同，可以互相换用。它们后面都只能接动词原形。
can not help doing sth. 忍不住要做某事，情不自禁地做某事：
When I heard the good news, I could not help laughing. 听了那个好消息，我忍不住大笑起来。
用法导航
(1) cannot help doing sth. 中的cannot 也可以使用can not 或can’t,在过去时中使用could not或couldn’t.美国人有时用can not help but 这一形式。例如：
He is such a selfless man. You can’t help but respect him. 他是这样一个毫无私心的人，你不由得不尊重他。
(2) 注意：cannot help doing sth. 和cannot help (to) do sth. （不能不帮助做某事）的区别。例如：
I’m very busy, I cannot help (to) water the garden. 我很忙，不能帮着浇园了。
can not help oneself不能抑制自己，不能自拔：
She burst out crying, she couldn’t help herself. 她放声大哭，简直无法抑制自己。
can’t be better再好不过，特别好：
The situation can’t be better for us. 形势对我们来说再好不过了。
can’t be worse再差不过，特别差：
--Are you satisfied with his answer? 你对他的回答满意吗？
care about在意，在乎；关心；对••••••感兴趣：
He didn’t care about all this. 对这一切他全不在意。
Does she care about anything people might say? 她不在乎人们说什么吗？
I don’t care much about those books 对那些书没兴趣。
用法导航
在表示“关心”“爱护”时，care多和for连用，有时跟about，二者用法相同。在表示“喜欢”“对••••••感兴趣”时，care about也等于care for，二者可以换用。二者和中的间有时还可插little, nothing, much这类词，例如：
He cared little / nothing about /for boxing. 他对拳击（几乎）没有兴趣。
He doesn’t care much about / for money. 他对钱不太感兴趣。
care for愿意，喜欢，对•••••感兴趣；关心，爱护；照顾，管理：
Would you care for a walk? 你愿意去散散步吗？
He doesn’t care much for music. 他不太喜欢音乐。
How the Party cares for us! 党多么关心我们啊！
They cared for the child night and day. 他们日夜照顾这个孩子。
用法导航
(1)care for在作“喜欢”“愿意”讲时，是正式的用法，且多见于疑问句及否定句，一般不用于明确的肯定句。例如：
I don’t care for English. Do you care for English? 我不喜欢英语。你喜欢英语吗？
但若说“我喜欢英语”，不能说I care for English, 应当说I like English 或I’m fond of English.
(2)care for在作“照顾”“管理”之意时，可用于被动语态，例如：
As an orphan, Lei Feng was cared for by the local government. 雷锋是孤儿，受到当地政府的照顾。
care of由••••••转交：
I wrote to her care of her sister. 我写给她的信由她妹妹转交。
care plan（医务）护理计划：
The doctors worked out the care plan. 医生制定的了护理计划。
care to do sth. 喜欢，想要，愿意：
He does not care to go out in such weather. 他不喜欢在这种天气里外出。
What do you care to do? 你想要做什么？
carry all before one势如破竹；所向披靡；势不可挡：
The people’s will is irresistible and will carry all before it. 人民的意志不可抗拒，无往不胜。
He carried all before him in the table tennis match. 在乒乓球赛上，他大获全胜。
用法导航
该短语也可用作carry everything before one / carry the would before one / sweep all before one. 意思相同，均可换用。其中one随人称而变化。
carry along鼓励；帮助：
Their belief that they must succeed carried them along. 他们必定的信念激励他们前进。
carry away使••••••着迷；使••••••冲昏头脑；拿起；（风）刮走；（水）冲走：
They were carried away by his inspiring speech. 他的鼓舞人心的发言使他们听得入了神。
We shouldn’t be carried away by our success. 我们决不能让胜利冲昏了头脑。
When it rains, soil on the top is often carried away. 每当下雨，表层土壤往往被冲走。
carry coals to Newcastle做徒劳而多余的事；多此一举：
It’s carrying coals to Newcastle to advise her on cooking; she is quite an expert. 教她怎么做菜， 真是多此一举。她已很拿手了。
用法导航
Newcastle（纽卡斯尔）富含煤矿，把煤运到该市。当然是多此一举的事了。该短语由此而来。
carry down搬下；留下：
The porter carried Jane’s luggage down from the train. 搬运工人把珍妮的行李从火车上搬下来。
The logs were carried down by the stream. 这些原木顺河河流而下。
carry forward发扬，发展，推进：
We must carry forward our achievements and correct our mistakes. 我们要发扬成绩，纠正错误。
In carrying forward this work, we must listen attentively to the views of the masses. 在推进这项工作时，我们必须倾听群众的意见。
carry further发展，继续下去：
Mao Zedong carried further the ideas of Marx and Lenin. 毛泽东发展了马克思和列宁的思想。
They are to meet in August to carry the discussions further. 他们将在八月会晤，继续进行讨论。
carry … into effect / practice实施，实行：
That measure will be carried into effect very soon. 这项措施将在最近付诸实施。
We declare that these decisions shall not be carried into practice. 我们宣布这些决议将不执行。
carry off夺走，抢走；获得（奖品等）；夺去•••••的生命：
He was happy to be reunited with his son who had been carried off the other day. 他为能跟他前几天被拐走的儿子团聚，感到喜出望外。
The PLA team carried off most of the medals. 解放军队获得了大部分奖牌。
She was carried off by a heart attack. 她心脏病发作死掉。
carry on继续进行，坚持下去：
Please carry on as usual while I am away. 我不在的时候，请照常干。
Rising cost made it hard to carry on the business. 成本的不断提高使营业难以维持下去。
用法导航
该短语既可以表示“连续不断”，也可以表示“中止后继续”的意思。既可以用作不及物动词短语，也可以用作及物动词短语，后常接名词或动名词，有时还可以跟with引起的短语。例如：
He will carry on where his comrade left off. 他将把他的同志未完成的事业进行下去。
They carried on working as if nothing had happened. 他们若无其事地继续干活。
Now we can carry on with our work. 现在我们可以继续干了。
carry one’s point说服别人同意自己的观点：
He carried his point at the meeting. 会上，他说服了大家同意他的观点。
carry out开展；执行；实行；履行；贯彻：
He carried out the plan in every detail. 他一丝不苟地执行了那项执行。
If you make a promise, it should be carried out. 你许了诺言，就一定要兑现。
carry over推迟，延期；持续下去，遗留下来：
They carried over their discussion to the next meeting. 他们把讨论推迟到下次会议继续进行。
The habit has carried over from my childhood to the present day. 这习惯从我孩提时代一直持续到今天。
carry sb. back to sth. 使某人回想起某事：
The sight of the place carried me back to my childhood. 看见这地方使我回想起我的童年。
carry sth. too far把（某事）做做得过分：
Modesty is a virtue, but don’t carry it too far. 谦虚是美德，但是不要过分谦虚。
carry the baby承担不应该由自己承担的责任；做自己不愿意的事：
I hope you can come and help, or I’ll be left alone carrying the baby. 我希望你能帮助我，不然的话，事情就落到我一个人头上了。
carry the ball负起主要责任；担任主要角色：
Our monitor was out, so Xian Ming arrived the ball. 班长不在，小明负责。
carry the can承担责任，接受批评：
It’s everyone’s fault. I don’t understand why he should carry the can. 这是大家的过错，我不明白为什么 要他一个人承担责任。
carry the world before one参见carry all before one
carry through进行到底，完成；帮助克服困难：
We carried through all our plans. 我们的计划都完成了。
Their perseverance carried through all the difficulties they met. 她们那坚忍不拔的精神帮助他们克服了一切困难。
carry to（声音等）传到•••••••：
The voice carried to the next room. 声音传到了隔壁。
carry weight有分量；有影响；有力量：
Because of his rich experience his words carried weight. 由于他经验丰富，说话就有分量。
I thought if you were to speak to him, it would carry more weight. 我想如果你去和他谈谈，可能更有力量。
carry … with one说服（某人）同意自己的观点；记住，牢记：
After patient explanations, the teacher carried his students with him on that problem.老师通过耐心的解释，终于说服学生们就那个总理同意了他的观点。
He said he would always carry with him what his teachers said.他说他永远不会忘记老师说的话。
catch a cold患感冒，伤风：
My brother caught a bad cold. His throat’s very red and he’s got a temperature. 我的哥哥患了重感冒，他喉头充血，而且发烧。
用法导航
catch a cold也说take a cold, 其中a 可以省去，但是cold前若有形容词修饰时，a 能省去，例如：catch / take a bad cold. 和catch / take (a) cold意思相同的短语还有have a cold和get a cold，其中，a 不能省去。
catch a / the train赶上火车：
They didn’t catch the train. 他们没有赶上火车。
catch at抓住，设法抓住：
A drowning man will catch at a straw. 快淹死的人一根稻草也要抓。
He will catch at any chance to practice English. 他设法抓住一切机会来练习英语。
catch at a straw(遭水淹的人)捞救命的稻草；指望不可靠的援助：
He acted like a drowning man trying to catch at a straw. 他那样做就好像一个快要淹死的人拼命捞救命稻草一样。
catch fire着火：
First the paper caught fire and then the sticks. 首先是纸着火了，接着枝条也燃烧了。
用法导航
(1) catch fire, take fire和set fire to:前两条短语意思相同，用法也相同，使用时可以互换。例如：
Don’t leave anything near the stove that catches / takes fire easily. 不要把易燃的物品放在炉子附近。（它们所表示的是一种自行着火或燃烧）
(2) 而set fire to表示一种有意识的、主动的、破坏性的行为，即“放火烧，使燃烧”。例如：
The man was caught in the act of setting fire to the house. 那个家伙在放火烧房子时被当场抓获。
catch hold of抓住，捉住，握住：
Catch hold of this rope, and we’ll pull you up. 抓住这根绳子，我们把你拉上来。
用法导航
catch hold of中的catch也可以换用get / take / lay / seize.
catch it挨骂，受罚，受责备：
You’ll surely catch it if you’re careless. 如果人粗心，是肯定要挨骂的。
catch on 被抓住，被钓住；受到欢迎，变得流行；理解：
His foot caught on a tree root. 他的脚被树根绊了一下。
The play caught on well. 这个戏很受欢迎。
It took me a while to catch on. 她一会儿我才理解。
用法导航
catch on是不及物动词短语，on是副词，因此，不能用于被动语态，如果接宾语，必须要有相应的介词，例如：
I don’t quite catch on to what he is saying. 我不很理解他正在讲什么。
catch on fire着火；燃烧：
Wooden building can easily catch on fire. 木材建成的房屋易于着火。
用法导航
catch on fire与catch fire意思、用法一样，可以互换。用于不及物动词短语，另外，set … on fire和set .. fire to意思都是“放火烧••••••”“使••••••燃烧”，是及物动词短语。
catch one’s attention引起注意：
The beautiful picture caught his attention. 这副漂亮的画引起了他的注意。
catch one’s breath（由于害怕或紧张）屏住呼吸，倒抽了一口气；喘息：
The people who were watching caught their breath as the boy almost slipped from the roof. 那些观望的人们看见那个男孩差一点从房顶上滑的时候，都倒吸了一口气。
They stopped every once in a while in order to catch their breath. 他们不时地停下来喘口气。
catch one’s eye引（某人）注目：
The news buildings catch the eye of every passer – by. 这些新建筑吸引每个行人的注意。
用法导航
catch one’s eye等于catch one’s attention.
catch sb. by surprise使某人吃惊，使某人感到意外，出其不意抓住：
The policeman has caught the thief by surprise. 这个小偷被警察出其不意地抓住了。
catch sb. doing ... 发现（发觉，撞见）某人做某事：
You won’t catch me doing that again. 我可不会再干那种事了。
The teacher caught Tom cheating in the exam. 老师发现汤姆在考试中作弊。
catch sb. in the act当场抓住某人：
The murderer was caught in the act by two passers- by. 杀人犯被两位过路人当场抓获。
用法导航
该短语也可用catch sb. red – handed替换。
catch sight of看见，望见：
I caught sight of her hurrying away. 我看见她匆匆忙忙地走了。
I caught sight of him in the crowd for a moment, but I soon lost him. I don’t know he saw me. 我在人群中看到了他，但很快就不见了，不知道他是否看见了我。
用法导航
catch sight of含有“突然看见”的意思。也可以用have / get sight of或在sight 前面加冠词a, 即catch / have / get a sight of.
catch someone on the wrong foot使某人措手不及；不期而至：
When the teacher asked me to translate a poem, he really caught me on the wrong foot. 老师要我翻译一首诗时确实弄得我茫然不知所措。
catch the attention of引起••••••的注意：
The child tried to catch the attention of his mother. 那个孩子极力想引起妈妈的注意。
catch up赶上，追上；迷住，吸引住：
You just go ahead and I’ll catch up later. 你先走一步，我随后赶来。
They were caught up in the excitement of the moment. 他们被当时的激动场面吸引住了。
catch up on挂住，钓住；赶着做（某事），抓紧做某事：
The kite’s caught up on the electric wires. 那个风筝挂住电线了。
I missed several lessons during my illness, I must catch up on them. 我因病误了好几课，我得抓紧补上去。
catch up with赶上，追上；给•••••带来不良后果，使•••••受到惩罚：
The backward areas should catch up with the advanced. 后进地区应该赶上先进地区。
Drinking and smoking will catch up with you. 你抽烟喝酒将来会吃苦头的。
用法导航
(1) catch up with sb. 表示“追上，赶上”意思时，等于catch (sb.) up.例如：
你先走，我一会儿来赶你。You go on; I’ll catch up with you. / You go on ;I’ll catch you up / you go on; I’ll catch up.
(2) catch up with有时指“补上”的意识，这时基本上和catch up on同义。
(3) catch up with与keep up with的区别（参见keep up with） |
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